At the end of the 19th century, the industrial production of calcium carbide by electric furnace method began, which created conditions for the synthesis of basic organic products from acetylene with coal as the basic raw material. Around 1910, the industrial production of tetrachloroethane, trichloroethylene, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, etc. from acetylene was realized in Germany, and then other products synthesized from acetylene were successively put into use in Germany before the Second World War Production. Another main route using coal as the basic raw material is to synthesize basic organic products from syngas or carbon monoxide. The successful synthesis of methanol in Germany in 1923 began the development history of using syngas as an industrial synthetic raw material. With the development of the petroleum refining industry, the use of petroleum hydrocarbon raw materials to synthesize organic products has been attracting attention. On the one hand, starting from petroleum hydrocarbons, industrial production has been successively realized through the processes of cracking olefins, acetylene and conversion into synthesis gas; on the other hand, since the synthesis of isopropanol from propylene was put into industrial production in 1920, organic The synthetic industry has been greatly developed continuously. The above shows that the basic organic chemical industry has changed from coal as the basic raw material to petroleum hydrocarbons as the basic raw material, and from the synthesis of acetylene to the synthesis of olefins as the raw material. Generally speaking, a large part or main part of basic organic chemical industry is also commonly known as petrochemical industry.
